DAMPAK KELELAHAN KERJA (FATIGUE) TERHADAP KESELAMATAN NAVIGASI DI ERA DIGITALISASI: TINJAUAN BEBAN KERJA MENTAL PELAUT MODERN
Keywords:
Seafarer Fatigue, Digital Navigation, Mental Workload, Maritime Safety, Human ErrorAbstract
Background: Digital transformation in the maritime sector has introduced advanced navigational equipment such as ECDIS, AIS, and integrated radar systems aimed at enhancing maritime safety. However, instead of reducing the workload, these technologies trigger a "technology paradox" where seafarers face a heavier mental workload due to information overload. Objective: This study aims to analyze the correlation between the digitalization of navigational equipment and seafarers' mental fatigue, as well as its influence on the risk of accidents caused by human error on commercial vessels. Methods: This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach using the library research method. The analysis was conducted by synthesizing data from international regulations (STCW and MLC), maritime accident investigation reports, and scientific literature on cognitive workload. Mental workload is logically analyzed using the NASA-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) indicators to dissect the dimensions of mental stress, temporal demand, and frustration faced by seafarers in the digital era. Results: The findings demonstrate that while digitalization improves navigational data accuracy, the cognitive demands of monitoring multiple screens simultaneously significantly increase latent mental fatigue. Phenomena such as alarm fatigue and over-reliance on technology are primary triggers for diminished situational awareness, which potentially leads to navigational incidents such as collisions or groundings. Conclusion: This study recommends a re-evaluation of Bridge Resource Management (BRM) and the implementation of more human-centered designs for navigational equipment interfaces. Furthermore, more flexible company policies regarding cognitive rest periods are required to mitigate the risks of mental fatigue in the Industry 4.0 era.
References
Regulasi dan Dokumen Internasional:
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